Not to anyone in particular but I found this also interesting:
"3.6 Oxygen Uptake 3.6.1 Submaximal Running Pooled results indicated that submaximal motorised treadmill running at 0% grade reduced VĚ O2 by 0.55 mL/ kg/min and 1% grade increased VĚ O2 by 0.37 mL/kg/ min (Fig. 2) compared with overground running. These pooled differences were affected by high heterogeneity (I 2 >75%) and were not signifcant at 0% (p = 0.251; Table 2 (continued) Study Year n (M/F) Runners Treadmill (grade) Overground (surface) Workload MT vs. overground Stevens et al. [29] 2015 10/0 Yes NMT (curve) Outdoor (tartan) 5 km time trial N/A (NMT results only) Turner and Stevinson [15] 2017 14/8 Yes MT (1%) Outdoor (track) 3 km; âsteady paceâ RPE (â) Wee et al. [14] 2016 10/0 Yes MT, NMT (1%) Indoor (mondo track) 1000 m; 12, 14, 16 km/h, maximum HR, La, VĚ O2 (â), RPE (â) White et al. [44] 1998 12/6 Yes MT (0%) Outdoor (track) 60 min; 75% VĚ O2max HR (â), La (condition Ă sex) Yngve et al. [11] 2003 14/14 No MT (0%) Indoor (gym) 5 min; âcomfortable paceâ HR (â), VĚ O2 (â) F female, GET graded exercise test, HIIT high-intensity interval training, HR heart rate, HRmax maximum heart rate, La blood lactate concentration, M male, MAS maximal aerobic speed, MT motorised treadmill, n sample size, N/A not applicable, NMT non-motorised treadmill, RPE rating of perceived exertion, VĚ O2 oxygen uptake, VĚ O2max maximal oxygen uptake, â indicates no statistically signifcant diference between treadmill and overground running, â indicates statistically signifcant increase during treadmill compared to overground running, â indicates statistically signifcant decrease during treadmill compared with overground running a Participant sex unclear 770 J. R. Miller et al. n = 116; number of independent studies [k] = 9) or 1% relative grade (p = 0.695; n = 48; k = 5). The GRADE quality of evidence was low for the 0% and 1% subgroups and moderate for the overall motorised treadmill pooled results (Table 3). Motorised treadmill running speed was not a signifcant moderator of the MD in submaximal VĚ O2 (β=â0.03 mL/kg/min; 95% confdence interval [CI] â0.52 to 0.47; p = 0.914; Fig. 3). One study investigating the efect of treadmill grades ranging from 0% to 3% in nine runners indicated that 1% grade resulted in the most closely matched VĚ O2 between submaximal motorised treadmill and overground running [2]. Three case series with only two to three runners or nonrunners concluded that VĚ O2 was similar during submaximal overground and motorised treadmill running at 0% [32, 34, 36]."
From:
https://cris.maastrichtuniversity.nl/...rossover_Studies.pdf